Classification schemes. Functional units. Storage systems: Hierarchy of memories, RAM and disks. Processor structure, Data and Instructions. Instruction sets. Microprogramming. Bussing systems and input/output structures, I/O organization, I/O devices and their diversity, their interconnection to CPU and Memory. Instruction Set Processor (ISP) level view of computer hardware, assembly language level use. Survey of different kinds of computer architectures.

Arrays: Linear Lists: Stacks. Queues and De-queues. Sequential and Linked Allocation. Static and Dynamic Allocation. Algorithms for implementation of different data structures. Tree Structures. Searching. Sorting Techniques. Hashing Techniques. Introduction to files, there structures and access methods. Memory Management, Garbage Collection/Compaction.

Data models (relational, hierarchical, and network). Database design, detailed study of the relational model. Database Languages and Application Programming. Introduction to DBMS facilities and architectures. Data Modelling and Database Design; Data dependencies, decomposition algorithms. Concurrency, integrity, security and reliability issues. Query decomposition, optimization and evaluation strategies. Introduction to Object Oriented databases. Introduction to distributed databases.

Software life cycle models. Requirements analysis and specification, architectural and detailed design. Structured Analysis and Design; Introduction to Object-Orientation; Introduction to object-modeling. OO Analysis and Design. Software Design as an incremental, iterative process; Introduction to object-oriented software development approach, design based on assembling reusable components, technology support design and CASE tools support for software design. Design evaluation and a comparison of the above methodologies. Design time testing.

Object-oriented Technology: Design Programming concepts, Data Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism. Defining and Deriving Classes, Constructors and destructors, memory management, exception handling, Overloading operators, Copy and conversion constructors, Difference between DOS and Windows environment programming, Programming for Windows, Object oriented programming for Windows. Practical experience by writing large programs in a windows based OO language.

Communication system and devices. Serial data communication. Computer Networks: goals, classification and topologies. Network Architecture: Introduction to physical, datalink, network, and transport layers of ISO/OSI model. Protocols at different layers. TCP/IP. Local Area Networks. Internetworking. Internet/Intranet. Interconnection of networks using bridges and gateways. Packet switching circuits. Network security and management.

Operating Systems: An Overview and functionality. Storage Management: Non/Contiguous Storage allocation, Paging, Segmentation. Virtual storage implementation: Demand Paging/Segmentation. Process/Processor Management: Processor scheduling, Process coordination/synchronization. Classical Synchronization Problems, Inter Process communication, Deadlocks problems and solutions. Information Management: I/O Management, Disk space allocation methods, Disk scheduling, File Management, File Organization and Access Methods, File Sharing and Protection. Case Studies: UNIX/Linux, Windows NT

Principles of software development and maintenance. Issues of quality and productivity in software engineering. Automation of program development from design. CASE tools for support of software development and maintenance. Software engineering principles for the development of complex systems: cost and schedule estimation, software metrics, software process models, team organization. Formal specification techniques. Quality of process and products: reviews, inspections, testing, statistical reliability estimation, formal methods. Software defect management, including defect identification and fault detection; Software Validation and Verification.

Empirical and theoretical measures of the efficiency of algorithms. Best, worst and average case behavior of algorithms; Simple recurrence relations and their solution; Data and Algorithm Design; Dynamic data structures; A study of good algorithms related to sorting, Text manipulation, matrix multiplication, integer and polynomial arithmetic, and graph theory. A survey of hard problems, NP- completeness, and intractable problems.

Graphics hardware: Logical input devices. Calligraphic versus raster systems, Graphics Software: Clipping and scan conversion algorithms, hidden surface 2-d/3-d modelling, graphics packages. Interactive graphics: Graphics applications

Hardware-software interface, system kernel, system services, system evolution. Assemblers, compilers, linkers, and loaders. System component interfaces. Fundamental abstractions; architecture and design of the kernel of a contemporary operating system; system programming interfaces; inter-process communications; concurrent and distributed programming; local and network resources; management of asynchronous events; kernel programming.

Students will work on a computer science project under the supervision of a faculty member or an expert in the field and submit a suitable written report (Project Report) on the work carried out. The project will be evaluated by an external examiner in the presence of the supervisor and the chairman through a public seminar and software demonstration.

Finite State Models: Language definitions preliminaries, Regular expressions/Regular languages, Finite automata (FAs), Transition graphs (TGs), NFAs, kleene's theorem, Transducers (automata with output), Pumping lemma and non regular language Grammars and PDA: Context free grammars, Derivations, derivation trees and ambiguity, Simplifying CFLs , Normal form grammars and parsing, Push-down Automata, Pumping lemma and non-context free languages, Decidability, Chomsky's hierarchy of grammars Turing Machines Theory: Turing machines, Post machine, Variations on TM, TM encoding, Universal Turing Machine, Context sensitive Grammars, Defining Computers by TMs

Language Evaluation Criteria and Influences on Language Design and Trade-off. Semantic/Run time structures for procedural languages. Introduction to other language classes such as functional, logic, and object oriented, and their run-time structures. Comparison of typed and un-typed languages. Practical experience by writing programs in various languages. Languages for Aspect Oriented Software Development.

Information Systems strategy: End-user Computing; office automation; groupware; applications and implications of networks; client-server architecture. Controls and Security; Procurement and Implementation; Information Systems Engineering: aspects of UML; form and report design; documentation; systems implementation. Database Technology: DBMS Facilities and architectures; Object Oriented DBMS. Implementation of OO information systems.

Discrete random variables and their distributions. A comparison of simulation techniques: discrete, continuous, and hybrid. Queuing models, analysis of data. Model building. Review of simulation languages. Application to business problems and operations research.

Basic concepts and techniques. Knowledge representation and inferencing. Building a small expert system. Knowledge engineering and large system development. Survey of tools and expert systems. The expert system market. Assemblers, compilers, linkers, and loaders. System component interfaces. Fundamental abstractions; architecture and design of the kernel of a contemporary operating system; system programming interfaces; inter-process communications; concurrent and distributed programming; local and network resources; management of asynchronous events; kernel programming.

Neural network concepts. Anatomy of a neural node. Types of neural network. Classification of learning algorithms. Single layer network model and multi-layer network and their limitations. Application of neural network.

Compilers and interpreters. Compilation process. Organizations of a Compiler. Lexical Analysis. Symbol Tables. Syntax and Semantic analysis. Top down and Bottom up recognizers. Error detection and recovery. Storage allocation. Code generation and code optimization.

Prepositional calculus: Simple and compound Propositions, truth tables, Simplification of propositions, well-formed formulae. Arguments and proofs. Programs proving methods: Rules of Assignment, composition, iteration consequence. Proof of correctness of some simple programs, Program proving system.

Review of elementary probability theory. Basic concepts of information theory. Measures of information uncertainty, entropy, sources and channels. Kraft inequality, huffman code, error detection and correction, Hamming distance, Shannon's first and second theorems. Noiseless coding.

Multimedia technology: basic elements of a multimedia system. Architecture of a typical multimedia computer system. Audio-visual data recording and playback devices and tools. Multimedia information storage devices and formats. Multimedia on networks and the World Wide Web. Applications of multimedia in different fields. Multimedia design principles; Multimedia design practice: Putting principles into practice using tools. Creation of multimedia objects (images, sounds, animations, etc.) and combining these objects into hypertext documents. Interactive presentations. Authoring multimedia materials for the World Wide Web. .

An overview of different types of computer-human interaction techniques. Human factors of Interactive Systems, Task analysis. Types of Media: input/output devices for interaction, Interface Styles; Principles of screen design. Use of Color. User models and dialog models. HCI Guidelines and standards. Interface prototyping. Web based Interfaces, Interface evaluation, Multimedia and multi-modal applications. User Interface Development Tools

History and structure of electronic documents. Problems in creation, manipulation and publishing of high quality computer based documents. Formatting Techniques for multi-font documents. Integration of text and graphics. Documents design. Online documentation: Hypertext, Hypermedia based document design, storage, and implementation Use of HTML, SGML and XML standards for electronic and other structured documents.

Mobile applications: examples, service requirements, technical challenges. Wireless media (IR, RW, MW): frequencies, range, bandwidth, cellular systems, terrestrial and satellite MW etc. Protocol architectures (OSI layer 2): 2G/3G Bluetooth, 802.11.Network layer issues and protocols - Mobile IP, addressing & routing for mobile systems.Transport and application layer protocols: WAP and beyond.Mobile agents, architectures and configurations. OS for mobile devices, APIs for mobile devices, J2ME, .NET, midlets. APIs for mobile communications. HCI issues for software design on mobile devices. Software architectures and middleware for mobile enabled distributed systems. Security and maintenance of mobile computing systems.

Overview of Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, Overview of 3-tier Architecture, Web Based Applications Architecture. Developing Front End Applications: Front End Development Tools, HTML, DHTML, Scripting (Java Script, Jscript, Vbscript), Java Applets, ActiveX.

Introduction to nature of software project management. Management of Software Development Schemes. Software estimation, planning, monitoring and controlling, metrics and measurement, process maturity, quality assurance, Software quality standards. Management, leadership and team building.

Real time programming; The difference between soft and hard real time; Computer Interfaces for monitoring and control; Interrupts and hardware support for real time programs; Software support for real time programs; Direct Digital Control Algorithms and their Implementation; Fault tolerant programs; Case studies from a representative sample of existing real time systems.

concurrent programs and operating systems: Synchronization concepts, sharing resources and determinacy. Distributed processing synchronous and a synchronous parallel process and their functionality, Optimal utilization of resources. Software and hardware parallelism. Data flow machines and programs, parallelizing compilers.

Characteristics of information technology; end-user computing; cyberspace applications for individuals and social groups: life, work, leisure, and interactions. Social impact, implications and effects of computers on society, and the responsibilities of computer professionals. Social issues, including differences between software engineering and other engineering disciplines. Security, privacy and accountability. Moral, ethical, and legal issues in the computing profession, and the legal and ethical responsibilities of professionals. lessons from history.

This course will reinforce through the use of case studies and small projects, the material introduced in other courses (Database design, Software Design Methodologies, Software Engineering, Information Systems etc.) Lectures will be held to introduce each case study and provide any background information, explanation or reinforcement needed. There will be a considerable element of self-study both individually and in groups when undertaking practical project assignments. The case studies will be chosen from among the following topics: Software Engineering using PC applications software, Systems Procurement and Administration, Emerging Technologies, Larger-scale Programming.